Multi-Agent Orchestration Patterns: LangGraph, CrewAI, and Tool Pipelines

Complex enterprise tasks require multiple specialized sub-agents working in concert: a Researcher agent, a Writer agent, a Reviewer agent, and a Deployment agent.

Multi-Agent Architecture Patterns

1. **Hierarchical Supervisor Pattern**: A master router agent assigns sub-tasks to specialized sub-agents and validates outputs.
2. **Peer-to-Peer Pipeline**: Sequential handoff between agents with shared state memory.
3. **Human-in-the-Loop Approval**: Mandatory human approval steps before executing external API side effects.